基于矢量水听器的非均匀阵列APES波束形成算法

Non-uniform Array Vector-APES Beamforming Algorithm Based on Vector-Hydrophone

针对传统幅度与相位估计(Amplitude and phase estimation,APES)算法难以应用于非均匀阵列的问题,研究了基于矢量水听器的APES算法。利用矢量水听器能够同时共点测量声压和质点振速的特点,将矢量水听器的声压和解析振速通道作为两个子阵,两路子阵之间只存在一个相位差,且与阵元位置无关,使得APES算法能够应用于任意形状的阵列。推导和分析了矢量APES算法的阵增益及其稳健性。分析和仿真表明:该方法相比于传统APES算法,具有更高的阵增益,且能适用于非均匀阵列;相比于最小方差无失真响应(Minimum variance distortionless response,MVDR)算法,具有更好的稳健性,能解决相干问题及能够获得更准确的信号功率,并用实测数据验证了算法的有效性。

Since conventional amplitude and phase estimation （APES ） algorithm cannot be applied to a non‐uniform array ,a vector APES（VAPES） based on vector‐hydrophone is proposed .The phase differ‐ence between acoustic pressure and acoustic particle velocity received by vector‐hydrophone is irrelative to the locations of sensors ,thus the pressure and velocity channel can be used as two sub‐arrays ,and ap‐plied to non‐uniform array .The array gain and its stability are analyzed .The simulations indicate that compared to conventional APES algorithm ,the method can be applied to non‐uniform array ,and its array gain is higher ;compared to minimum variance distortionless response （MVDR） algorithm ,the method is more robust ,can handle the coherent situation ,and abtain more accrate signal power .The practical data verifies the validity of VAPES .