定量氮磷肥条件下钾肥不同施用量对地膜马铃薯产量、干物质与淀粉含量的影响

Effects of Various Potassium Fertilizer Application Rates on Yield,Dry Matter and Starch Content of Plastic Film Mulching Potato

以马铃薯‘荷兰15’一级良种为试验材料,探讨了定量氮磷肥条件下钾肥5种不同施用量对马铃薯‘荷兰15’的产量、干物质和淀粉含量的影响。结果表明,增加钾肥(K_2O)施用量,在一定程度上可以降低小薯产量,提高总产量、商品薯产量、干物质含量、淀粉含量及经济效益。钾肥(K_2O)施用量240 kg/hm^2的总产量为38 828 kg/hm^2、商品薯产量33 315 kg/hm^2、小薯产量5 513 kg/hm^2、干物质含量210 g/kg、淀粉含量139.4 g/kg。经济效益12 910元/hm^2,高于不施钾肥、钾肥(K_2O)施用量60,120和180 kg/hm^2的处理。综合考虑,种植马铃薯‘荷兰15’,钾肥(K_2O)施用量240 kg/hm^2最适宜。

The impacts of five different potassium fertilizer application rates on yield, and dry matter and starch contents were analyzed using the potato variety ＇The Netherlands 15＇ as experimental material. Increasing the potassium fertilizer application rate reduced the yield of the small-sized tuber, but increased the yield of both total potato tuber and marketable potato tuber, and improved the contents of dry matter and starch and economic benefit. When the application rate was at 240 kg/ha, the yield of the total potato tuber, marketable tuber and small-sized tuber was, respectively, 38 828, 33 315 and 5 513 kg/ha, and the contents of dry matter and starch were 210 and 139.4 g/kg. At this application rate, the economic benefit was 12 910 yuan/ha, being higher than other application rates, i.e. 0, 60, 120 and 180 kg/ha. Therefore, the application rate of 240 kg/ha was optimal for planting ＇The Netherlands 15＇.