地沟油甄别检测技术研究进展

Advances in Detection Techniques Used for Screening Hogwash Oil

地沟油主要来源于餐厨废油、煎炸废油和动物废油脂,其成分复杂、有毒物质多,会给消费者的身体健康带来极大隐患。由于近年来地沟油事件频发,打击此类非法犯罪行为已经成为食品安全监管的重点之一,认定的关键是其准确快速的检测方法。本文简单介绍了地沟油的来源及危害,深度分析并总结了近5 a来的地沟油检测技术,包括基于光谱、色谱、电子鼻、电化学分析、免疫及分子生物学等技术的各种方法,着重评价了一些新兴检测方法,对地沟油检测方法做出总结和展望,同时对地沟油工业化利用现状进行了归纳和评价,为合理化应对地沟油问题提供了参考思路。

Hogwash oil is mainly refined from restaurant waste oil, waste frying oil and waste animal fat. Its composition is complex. Consumption of hogwash oil poses potentially serious health risks to consumers due to the presence of many toxic compounds. As hogwash oil incidents occurred frequently in recent years, crackdown on illegal hogwash oil incidents has been one of the key points of food safety regulation. Rapid and accurate detection techniques are of critical importance for the identification of hogwash oil. The origin and harm of hogwash oil are briefly illustrated in this article, and the analytical techniques used in the last 5 years to detect hogwash oil are deeply analyzed, including spectroscopy, chromatography, electronic nose, electrochemical analysis, immunology and molecular biology techniques. In this review, the emphasis is put on some emerging analytical techniques. The current status and future prospects of the detection techniques for hogwash oil are discussed. In addition, the present situation of the industrial utilization of hogwash oil is summarized and evaluated, aiming to provide references and ideas for reasonably addressing the problem of illegal hogwash oil.