北乌头生长季营养器官内主要矿质元素变化规律

Characteristics of Mineral Element Contents and Distributions in Aconitum kusnezoffii during the Development Period

通过测定9个生育期北乌头根、茎、叶中矿质元素的质量分数,研究北乌头生长季各器官中矿质元素的变化规律及其在各器官中的分配规律,结果表明:北乌头中各营养元素质量分数从高到低的顺序为N、K、P、Ca、Mg、Fe、Zn、Mn、Cu;北乌头各器官营养元素质量分数存在明显的生育期变化,出苗期北乌头根和叶中N、P、K和Cu质量分数均显著降低,开花期根和叶中N、P和Cu质量分数均显著升高,果期北乌头叶片中P、Mg和Fe质量分数均显著升高;除Cu和P外,其他营养元素在北乌头叶中质量分数最高,并且多数营养元素在叶中分配比例较高;北乌头各器官中营养元素间存在一定相关关系,并以协同作用为主;北乌头有3个养分需求高峰期,即出苗期、开花期、结果期,且每个时期需求养分的种类也不同。

In order to understand the principle of variations and distributions of mineral element in Aconitum kusnezoffii during the development period, we tested the mineral element contents of nine periods in A. kusnezoffii root, stem and leaf. The descending order of mineral element contents in A. kusnezoffii was N, K, P, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu. Mineral elements in different part of A. kusnezoffii changed obviously during growth period, the main feature was： N, P, K and Cu contents in leaf, and root decreased tremendously at the period of emergence, while N, P and Cu contents in leaf and root increased significantly at the flowering period, and P, Mg and Fe contents in leaf increased at fruiting period. Mineral elements were more likely distributed in leaf, meanwhile, leaf had the higher mineral element contents except for Cu and P. There were some positive correlations between these nine elements in root, stem and leaf. There were three needed peaks of mineral elements during A. kusnezoffii development, and the kind of needed elements differed between different develop- ment periods.