全基因组测序在食源性疾病监控和暴发调查中的应用

Application of whole genome sequencing for the foodborne disease surveillance and outbreak investigation

全基因组测序(WGS)分型在微生物的遗传与变异特征分析、菌株进化和暴发溯源调查中已经显示出了其极大的应用价值和发展潜力。本文简要概述了WGS的基本原理,介绍了基于全基因组的单核苷酸多态性分型和基于全基因组多位点序列分型两种主要的测序数据解读和分析方式,比较了WGS与脉冲场凝胶电泳技术、多位点序列分型等常见分子分型手段的主要特点,列举了典型的WGS应用于食源性疾病监控和暴发识别的案例,最后对WGS分型在食源性疾病监控和暴发调查领域的发展前景进行了展望。

In the past few years,the whole genome sequencing（WGS）analysis has shown its great value and potentials in the field of microbial heredity and variation characteristics,evolution and source tracking.This paper reviews the basic principles of WGS and introduces two main methods to interpret and analyze the WGS sequencing data by wg SNP and wg MLST.Then,the main characteristics of WGS such as discriminatory ability and sensitivity were compared with the other common molecular typing methods of PFGE and MLST.Also,it＇s illustrated that the current state-of-art of the WGS applied to the foodborne disease surveillance,identification of outbreaks and source tracking.Finally,the advantages of the WGS and the prospective of its future application in the foodborne disease surveillance and identification of outbreaks were briefly expounded.