页岩气开发水资源影响及温室气体排放研究评述

A review of the impacts of shale gas development on water resources and GHG emissions

环境问题是影响页岩气中长期、可持续开发的关键因素之一,而对页岩气开发环境影响的研究则是相关环境政策制定的基础。文章以国际学术期刊上刊登的相关研究为分析对象,首先梳理了页岩气开发环境影响研究的兴起过程,并指出了页岩气开发过程中水资源消耗、水质污染和温室气体排放是国际学术界页岩气开发环境影响研究的三个主要方面。然后,系统评述了当前国际学术界对此三方面环境影响的研究现状、得到的基本结论、结论之间的差异以及差异背后的原因,以期对中国开展此类研究,特别是量化研究提供借鉴。

Environment issue is a key factor influencing the long-term sustainable development of shale gas industry, and the studies of environmental impacts of shale gas development are the basis for relevant policy-making. By choosing relevant studies in international academic journals our analyzed object, this paper firstly introduces the rise of studies on environmental impacts of shale gas development and identifies three main environmental impacts of shale gas development in current international literature, i. e. the impacts of shale gas development on water resource usage, water pollution, and greenhouse gases emission. Then, a detailed review of these three main research aspects is presented to understand the research status, main findings, differences among research results, and the reason of these differences for current environmental impacts studies. This review could be expected to provide some helpful references for China to carry out similar studies,especially quantitative studies in future.