新媒体环境下民族凝聚力的消解与建构——从媒介消费、论述及仪式化视角

Decentering and Constructing of National Cohesion under the New Media Environment ——From Perspectives of Media Consumption, Discourse and Ritualization

在大众传播时代,共同媒介使用、媒介叙述,以及媒介事件所构建的集体记忆三种理论解释了信息传播和媒介消费行为对民族凝聚力建设的作用。而今,以网络为代表的新兴媒体促使人们改变媒介消费习惯,进而对民族凝聚力建设产生了新的影响。基于理论辨析和案例解读,一方面阐释了新媒体对民族凝聚力的削弱机制,包括打乱人们的共同媒介消费行为、削弱媒介论述中的民族联系、以及消解媒体事件的严肃意义;另一方面解读了新媒体的积极作用,包括提供让人们接触更多民族事件并参与其中的机会。在此基础上提出了媒体为凝聚公众而可取之策略。

In era of mass communication, three theories including ritual of simultaneous media consumption, discourse of media, and ritualized reports on media event along with audiences＇ collective memory expound how national cohesion is constructed by mass communication. Nowadays, the new media with typical network has changed people＇s habit on media consuming, leading changes on how media influence national cohesion. Based on the theory discrimination and case study, the author demonstrates possible negative changes brought by the new media, mainly on how it might erode simultaneous media consumption, break national connection in media discourse, and weaken the significance of media events. It also explores positive effects as providing people with opportunities to know more national events and to engage. Based on analysis above, this research proposes several strategies that might be adopted by the media in order to maintain the national cohesion.