儒家文化与纳兰性德诗学思想

Confucian Culture and Poetics Thought of Nalan Xingde

清朝满族第一词人纳兰性德的诗词历久不衰,与其诗词中满汉相融的文化审美特质密不可分。纳兰的诗词,首先具有满族风情及其民族心理特质,同时又表现出中原汉儒文化的影响。其诗学中的满汉交融的思想特质主要表现在三个方面:一是汉儒经世致用的诗学思想和满族人不羁自由精神相结合,二是对儒家诗学表达形式,尤其是比兴手法的借鉴和阐发,三是将传统儒士的济世精神和忧患意识融入极具满族风情的雄浑景观描写。

Nalan Xingde, the most prominent Manchu Ci writer in Qing Dynasty, left lots of beautiful poems and Cis, which are loved by people for long, this is closely relevant to the cultural aesthetic peculiarities combining Manchu and Han culture in his works. The poems and Cis of Nalan Xingde firstly has Manchu style and its national psychological peculiarity, in addition, they show the influence of Confucian culture in the Central Plains. The thought peculiarity mixing Manchu and Han culture is mainly expressed on three aspects： 1 ） Combination of Confucian practical poetics thought and the freedom spirit of Manchu; 2 ） Reference and explication for the expression modality of Confucian poetics, especially Bixing means （ analogy and starting） ; 3） Merging the traditional confusious spirit of benefiting the mankind and the awareness of unexpected development into the description of vigorous Manchurian landscape.