凉山非物质文化遗产——彝族家具的美学价值研究

Aesthetic Value of Nonmaterial Cultural Heritage of Liangshan——Yi Minority Furniture

凉山家具是中国非物质文化遗产之一,在中国非物质文化中占有极其重要的地位。凉山彝族因其山高水险,显得有些封闭,但这种封闭却使得其独特的彝族文化得以保留。凉山彝族家具作为彝族人生活的重要部分,提供了一个彝人生活和艺术的载体,具有极高的美学价值。凉山彝族的漆器髹饰艺术被列入国家非物质文化遗产名录,就是对凉山彝族家具的一个肯定。非物质文化遗产——凉山彝族家具的美学价值,一是形式追随功能的实用美,二是视觉炫耀的意蕴美,三是天人合一的文化美。这样的美学价值,也给我们今天如何看待民族工艺提供了一个很好的视角。

Liangshan furniture is one kind of Chinese nonmaterial cultural heritages, it has an extremely important status in Chinese nonmaterial culture. Obstructed by high mountain and large river, Yi minority in Liangshan is a little away from outside world, however, such blocking makes its unique Yi minority culture be preserved. Yi minority furniture, as an important part in the life of Yi people, provides a life and art carrier and has an extremely high aesthetic value. The painted decoration art of Yi minority in Liangshan was listed into the national catalogue of nonmaterial cultural heritage, this is an affirmation for the Yi minority furniture in Liangshan. The aesthetic value of the Yi minority furniture in Liangshan as a kind of nonmaterial cultural heritage lies on the following three aspects： firstly, practical beauty that form follows function; secondly, im- plication beauty that visual sense flaunts; thirdly, cultural beauty reflecting the harmony of man and nature. Such aesthetic value also provides a visual angle for us to deal with national workmanship.