农村山区65岁以上老年人日常生活能力现状及其影响因素

Status of the daily living ability among people over 65 years old in rural mountainous area and its influence factors

目的了解宜昌市夷陵区农村山区65岁以上老年人日常生活能力现状及其影响因素,为制定和评价卫生政策、干预措施提供基础数据。方法采用分层整群抽样,在夷陵区抽取65岁以上老年人,就日常生活能力受损情况及可能的影响因素进行问卷调查,采用Epi Data 3.02数据库录入数据,SPSS 19.0对调查资料进行统计分析。结果共调查夷陵区农村山区65岁以上老年人4 002人,平均年龄(73.34±6.011)岁,其中男性1 944人(48.58%),平均年龄(73.60±6.054)岁,女性2 058人(51.42%),平均年龄(73.10±5.962)岁。ADL量表评分的平均得分为(16.11±4.897)分,ADL受损率为34.40%,随着年龄的增加,ADL受损率升高;多因素Logistic回归分析结果表明,意外伤害是75岁以下老年人ADL的影响因素,婚姻、文化程度、睡眠质量、患慢病情况是85岁以下老年人ADL的影响因素。结论夷陵区农村山区65岁以上老年人日常生活能力的影响因素随年龄增加而趋于复杂化,需从多个方面来关注老年人的日常生活能力,且高龄老年人日常生活能力更需得到密切关注。

Objective To understand the daily living ability and its influence factors of the elderly over 65 years old in rural mountainous area of Yiling District,Hubei Province,so as to provide basic data for intervention designing and policy making.Methods Stratified cluster sampling method was used to select participants aged over 65 years in Yiling District,and questionnaire survey was conducted on the decrease of ADL and the possible influence factors. Epidata 3. 02 was used for double data input and SPSS19. 0 for statistical analysis. Results 4002 participates were investigated,the age was 73. 34 ± 6. 011,among them,1944（ 48.6%） were male,and 2058（ 51. 4%） female,the average age was 73. 60 ± 6. 054 and 73. 10 ± 5. 962 respectively. The average score measured by ADL scale was 16. 11 ± 4. 897. Impairment rate for ADL was 34. 4%. The impaired rate of ADL rose with the increase of age. Multiple logistic regression showed that marriage,level of education,sleep quality,suffering from chronic diseases were influence factors of ADL in the elderly under the age of 85,while accidental injury was influence factor for those under 75 years old.Conclusion Influence factors for ADL among the elderly living in Yiling District became complicated with age,it is necessary to pay attention to their daily living ability from different aspects,and in particular,elderly of advanced age needed more concern.