核心力量训练干预老年慢性下腰疼的研究与进展

Core strength training in the elderly with chronic low back pain

背景:大量研究从实践上证实了核心力量训练的有效性,研究对象主要集中在成人人群,老年人相对涉及较少。目的:试图以老年下腰疼患者为对象,综合国内外相关文献,从核心力量训练对下腰疼的作用机制、不同练习方法手段在老年人下腰疼患者康复中应用和注意事项进行了探讨,以期为老年人慢性下腰疼提供理论依据。方法:采用文献计量学的方法,以"Chronic low back pain","core strength training"and"elderly person"进行英文文献检索;以"老年人下腰疼"、"核心力量训练"、"躯干训练"进行中文文献检索,对国内外老年人慢性下腰疼核心力量训练研究现状进行回顾。结果与结论:大量学者已经集中在运用非病理性疗法治疗老年人慢性下腰疼的研究上。核心力量训练应用于腰痛康复,具有操作简单,费用低廉,疗效明显,不良反应小的特点,基本上对于不同的群体都适用。将两种或多种运动练习方法有机组合,能提高核心力量训练的效果。在实施过程中应有效结合对患者的正确健康理念的教育,心理和行为方面的干预,消除患者对疼痛的恐惧,提高患者的依从性,从而提高运动疗法的功效。核心力量训练还应该注意区分病情轻重、缓急、疾病的不同阶段、年龄以及个人体质差异,有针对性地采取运动练习。

BACKGROUND： Numerous studies have confirmed the effectiveness of core strength training, most of which focus on the adult rather than the elderly.OBJECTIVE： To review the relevant literatures targeting the elderly with low back pain and to explore the mechanism of core strength training in the treatment of elderly low back pain as well as different training methods and precautions, in order to provide theoretical basis for treatment of elderly patients with chronic low back pain. METHODS： Studies on the application of core strength training in the elderly with low back pain were retrospectively reviewed using bibliometrics method. The keywords were ＂chronic low back pain, core strength training, elderly person＂ in English and Chinese, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： A large number of scholars have focused on the non-pathological therapy for elderly patients with chronic lower back pain. Core strength training for treatment of low back pain is characterized as a simple operation, low cost, significant effectiveness and few side effects, which is basically applicable in different groups. Combination of two or more exercise therapies can enhance the core strength training effect. In addition, correct health concept education, psychological and behavioral interventions are necessary to o eliminate the fear of pain and improve patient compliance, thereby increasing the effectiveness of exercise therapy. During the core strength training, we also should pay attention to distinguish the severity of diseases, degree of urgency, stage of disease, age, and individual physical differences, and take targeted exercises.