中国海上搜救志愿者相关法律问题与立法实践

Study on the relevant legal issues and practice regarding maritime search and rescue volunteers in China

海上搜救志愿者队伍作为海上搜救力量不可或缺的有益补充,随着中国海洋事业的蓬勃发展、海洋强国战略的深入推进,在开展海上搜救工作、保障海上安全方面发挥着日益重要的作用。从海上搜救志愿者之定义着手,针对其执行志愿服务时的法律地位,详细剖析了志愿者与志愿服务组织、国家海上搜救主管机关以及志愿服务对象之间的法律关系。在结合目前相关立法现状与海上搜救实践的基础上,提出完善中国海上搜救志愿者相关立法的建议,以期更好地保护志愿者权益,促进中国海上搜救事业发展。

Volunteers constitute an indispensable and beneficial component of the force for maritime search and rescue. With the flourishing development of marine affairs and the in-depth implementation of the strategy of building a powerful maritime country,volunteers are now playing a more and more significant role in developing search and rescue work and ensuring the marine safety. This paper begins with the discussion of the definition of volunteers for maritime search and rescue. On the issue of their legal status when implementing voluntary service,this paper analyzes legal relationships among volunteers,voluntary organizations,competent national authorities and voluntary receivers in details. On the basis of the current situation of legislation and practice status related to voluntary service for maritime search and rescue,the paper puts forward some suggestions aiming at improving the relevant legal system,with a view to better protecting benefits of volunteers and promote development of maritime search and rescue progress.