中国法下船舶溢油导致海洋环境污染损害的索赔

Compensation under Chinese law for marine environment damage caused by vessel oil spill

船舶溢油事故往往会导致海洋环境的污染损害。对于海洋环境污染损害的赔偿,中国现行的相关法律法规中仍存在许多不明确之处,在司法实践中也争议不断。随着中国公益诉讼制度的完善,对海洋环境污染损害的索赔主体产生了新的认识和争议。根据《修正1969年国际油污损害民事责任公约的1992年议定书》对"污染损害"定义的发展过程,详细分析司法实践中对海洋环境污染损害的评估标准以及索赔方应承担的举证责任。

Vessel-sourced oil pollution can cause damage to marine environment. When claiming for the compensation of impairment of marine environment,some legal issues are ambiguous under current Chinese legislations and controversial in judicial practice. With the improvement of public interest litigation system in China,new recognitions and disputes in respect of the title to sue for compensation of impairment of marine environment are arising. In this paper,by examing the development of definition of ＂pollution damage＂in the International Maritime Organization Protocol of 1992 to Amend the International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage of 1969,the assessment of such compensation and the claimant＇s burden of proof in judicial practice are illustrated in details.