走向“内部改进”质量评估模式——美国高等教育质量评估的转变及启示

Toward “Internal Improvement” of Quality Assessment Mode:The Transformation of Higher Education Quality Assessment in USA and Its Revelation

近年来,在评估主体不断扩大、评估目标弥补性特征凸显、评估内容转向学业结果评估、评价方式转向定性和定量相结合等因素的影响下,美国高等教育质量评估由"外部问责"范式转向"内部质量提升"的范式。在此背景下,大学生学习与发展评估作为两种范式融合的结果引导着美国高等教育质量保障的走向。这为改革我国高等教育评估过度强化政府问责提供了借鉴。

Recently,with the integrated factors of the evaluation subject expanded constantly,the redeeming feature of evaluation target becoming salient,the evaluation content changed into study result evaluation and the evaluation method altered into the combination of qualitative evaluation and quantitative evaluation,the quality assessment of higher education in the United States is shifted from the paradigm of external accountability to internal quality improvement.In this context,students＇learning and development assessment as the result of the fusion of the two paradigms becomes the guide of American higher education quality assurance.It provides reference for our country to reforming the unduly strengthened the government accountability in the process of higher education assessment.