基于超宽带的TOA-DOA联合定位方法

Joint TOA- DOA estimation for UWB based positioning

针对现有的大多数超宽带(ultra-wide band,UWB)定位方法至少需要3个基站,系统开销较大的问题,提出一种新颖的基于波达时间-波达方向(time of arrival-direction of arrival,TOA-DOA)联合估计的定位方法,仅需一个基站即可准确快速定位目标。利用酋矩阵束算法估计视距信号TOA和最小二乘估计准则估计视距信号DOA,得到目标的相对坐标。Matlab仿真实验证明,该方法的TOA和DOA估计精度较高,定位精度达到厘米级,而且复杂度降低为矩阵束算法的1/4,采样频率为亚奈奎斯特速率,易于实现,是一种简单有效的定位方法。

To overcome the shortcoming of most available UWB positioning methods that they require at least three base stations therefore increase system cost,this paper presents a novel positioning method based on joint TOA-DOA estimation,which requires only one base station to position targets with high accuracy and low complexity. This method first applies unitary matrix pencil algorithm to estimate TOA of line-of-sight signal,then estimates its DOA by least square estimator,finally calculates the relative coordinate of the target using TOA and DOA estimates. Matlab simulation results prove that this method achieves centimeter-order of position accuracy with sub-Nyquist sampling rate and 1 /4 computation load of matrix pencil algorithm. Thus it is an effective,fast and easy implemented UWB positioning method.