菏泽市2015年麻疹监测与疫情特点分析

Analysis of measles surveillance and measles characteristics in Heze City in 2015

目的分析菏泽市2015年麻疹监测与疫情特点,以期指导菏泽市麻疹监测和疫情应急处理工作,为消除麻疹工作提供基础信息。方法对2015年麻疹监测系统(MSS)数据进行描述分析,采用ELISA法、实时荧光RTPCR法分别检测血清标本麻疹Ig M抗体、病毒核酸,对病原学标本进行麻疹病毒分离。结果 2015年报告麻疹疑似病例(MLI)400例,其中,麻疹236例,发病率为2.87/10万。MLI血清标本、病原学标本采集率分别为86.25%、8.75%,样本及时送达率分别为92.84%、87.50%。病原学标本中,麻疹病毒核酸检出率为65.52%,分离1株麻疹病毒,为H1a型;各县区均有麻疹发病;3岁以下年龄组病例占52.12%,≥20岁年龄组占31.36%;麻疹病例中,无麻疹疫苗接种史者100例,占42.37%。结论 2015年菏泽市MSS运转正常,麻疹发病率仍不稳定,要重视<8月龄、成人群体的麻疹发病情况,要继续落实以提高麻疹疫苗接种率为重点的技术措施。

Objective To analyze the characteristics of measles surveillance and epidemic in Heze City in 2015, in order to guide measles surveillance and emergency handling work, and to provide the basic information for confirming measles elimination. Methods Descriptive analysis was conducted for the data of MSS in 2015. ELISA method and real-time RT-PCR were respectively used to test serum specimens for measles Ig M antibody and viral nucleic acid.Measles virus isolation was conducted in the pathogenic samples. Results 400 measles-like illnesses（MLI） were reported in 2015, 236 cases confirmed measles with the incidence（per 100 000） 2.87. The collecting rates of blood serum samples and pathogen specimens of the MLI were 86.25% and 8.75%, and the timely delivery rates were 92.84% and87.50%. The positive rate of measles virus nucleic acid was 65.52% in the pathogenic samples. 1 strain of measles virus was isolated, type H1 a confirmed. There were measles in all counties and districts. The groups aged under 3 year old accounted for 52.12%, and the groups aged 20 years and above accounted for 31.36%. Of all measles cases, there were 100 cases with no measles vaccination history, accounting for 42.37%. Conclusion MSS runs normally in Heze City in 2015, and the incidence of measles is still unstable. The measles situations among the groups aged under 8months and among the adults should be paid more attention, also should do more efforts to implement the technical measures, among which the key measure is to raise the coverage rate of measles vaccination.