现代汉语量词“只”的认知研究

The Cognitive Study of “Only” in Modern Chinese

量词在现代汉语中是不容忽视的组成部分,量词对名词性成分的选择也有其独特之处。一个量词可以修饰什么样的名词性成分,通过定量分析之后发现其中也是大有规律可循的,因此对现代汉语量词"只"进行认知分析就显得尤为必要了。基于此,从三个方面对量词"只"进行认知上的分析。首先分析量词"只"的语义性质,也就是说分析它对名词性选择的特点,对其进行分析归纳;其次主要从量词"只"对名词性成分的语义选择上来进行分析,把量词"只"能够修饰的名词性成分进行定性分析归纳,得出一般结论;最后是对量词"只"的范畴中心进行整合和归纳,并且用图示的方式归纳出对量词"只"的认知。

Measure words in modern Chinese are a constituent that should not be ignored. Their selection of the nominal ingredient is unique. Through quantitative analysis,it is found that there are rules on what kind of nominal components can be modified by measure words,so it is very necessary to carry out a cognitive analysis of the modern Chinese measure word ＂only＂. In this paper,we mainly analyze the＂only＂from three aspects. Firstly,the semantic properties of＂only＂,that is,its selection of nominal components,are analyzed and summarized. Secondly,we analyze the semantic selection of nominal components from the word＂only＂,with qualitative analysis of the nominal components that＂only＂can modify and draw the general conclusion. Finally,the＂only＂category center is integrated and summarized,summarization of the cognition of ＂only＂being made by schema.