中间锦鸡儿根水浸提液对7种灌草的化感作用及其化学成分分析

Allelopathy of aqueous extract fromCaragana intermedia root on seven kinds of shrubs and herbs and its chemical component analysis

为了揭示中间锦鸡儿(Caragana intermedia)在人工复合系统以及植被演替中的作用,研究了中间锦鸡儿根水浸提液对荒漠草原7种常见植物(苦豆子、沙打旺、草木樨、披碱草、苏丹草、柠条锦鸡儿和小叶锦鸡儿)的种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:一定质量浓度中间锦鸡儿根水浸提液处理对苦豆子、草木樨、苏丹草、柠条锦鸡儿和小叶锦鸡儿的种子萌发和幼苗生长有抑制作用,而对沙打旺和披碱草起到促进作用;此外,中间锦鸡儿根水浸提液在同一质量浓度处理下对苦豆子、苏丹草和小叶锦鸡儿的种子萌发具有抑制作用,而对其幼苗生长起到一定程度的促进作用。采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术分析中间锦鸡儿根水浸提液,共鉴定出21种主要化合物,包括醇、酮、醚、酯、萜类、有机酸、卤代烷以及含氮化合物等8类物质。

Allelopathy played an important role in interspecific relationships of plants.Effects of aqueous extract fromCaragana intermedia root on seed germination and seedling growth of plant species in desert steppe were investigated,to reveal the function of C.intermediain artificial compound system and vegetation succession.Seven common species were selected,including Sophora alopecuroides,Astragalus adsurgens,Melilotus officinalis,Elymus dahuricus,Sorghum sudanense,Caragana korshinskii and Caragana microphylla.Laboratory bioassays were conducted,and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS）was used to analyze the compounds in the aqueous extract fromC.intermediaroot.The results showed that allelopathic effects were observed for aqueous extract fromC.intermediaroot,but showed distinct influences on different species.Seed germination and seedling growth of five species（S.alopecuroides,M.officinalis,S.sudanense,C.korshinskii and C.microphylla）were inhibited by aqueous extract at some certain concentrations;however,those of A.adsurgens and E.dahuricus were promoted.In addition,the aqueous extract from C.intermedia root had inhibition effect on seed germination of S.alopecuroides,S.sudanense and C.microphylla,whereas it had promotion effect on seedling growth at the same concentration.Twenty-one compounds were identified from the aqueous extract,including eight kinds of compounds such as alcohol,ketone,ether,ester,terpenes,organic acid,alkyl halide and nitrogen compounds.In sum,the aqueous extract fromC.intermediaroot has distinct allelopathic effects on different species in laboratory bioassays.Nevertheless,under the field condition,whether C.intermediahad allelopathic effects,and whether the action concentration could impose an allelopathic effect on seed germination and plant growth required further study.