不同水土保持林草措施对三峡库区土壤理化性质的影响

Correlation analysis of soil physicochemical properties under different soil and water conservation biological measures in Three Gorges Reservoir Region

为了研究林草措施对于三峡库区内水土流失的改善效果,提高三峡库区内土壤性能,本研究采用灰色关联系数法对三峡库区内不同林草措施下土壤理化性质进行综合分析,结果显示,以裸地作为对照,其它林草措施对土壤理化性质起到了一定的改善作用,但是改善效果及程度不同。栾树(Koelreuteria bipinnata)+黄花槐(Sophora xanthantha)措施土壤总孔隙度、有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾、碱解氮、速效钾、土壤C/N为最大值。不同林草措施下改善土壤理化性质效果表现为栾树+黄花槐>植物篱>封山育林>自然恢复>经济林>传统农作>裸地。结果表明,栾树+黄花槐这一林草措施对于改善研究区内水土流失现象的效果最好,因此,该研究对三峡库区生态文明的建设与水土流失的治理有着重要意义。

In order to prevent soil and water loss and improve the soil properties in Three Gorges Reservoir Region,the effects of different biological measures on soil physicochemical properties under different soil and water conservation biological measures were comprehensively evaluated by grey correlation coefficient analysis to select better measures.The result showed that all different biological measures improved soil physicochemical property compared with control——bare land although the effects varied with measures.Under different biological measures,the tested indices including soil bulk density,total porosity,soil organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium and soil C/N were the significantly different（P〈0.05）or extremely significantly different（P〈0.01）.The soil total porosity,organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium,alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen,available potassium and soil C/N were the highest under treatment with Koelreuteria bipinnata＋Sophora xanthantha.The improved effects of soil physicochemical properties decreased in the following order：K.bipinnata ＋ S.xanthantha〉 hedgerows 〉closed〉 forest〉 natural〉 restoration〉economic forest〉traditional planting〉bare land.The measure with K.bipinnata＋S.xanthantha had great effects for preventing soil and water loss which could be applied further.These results had an important significance for ecological civilization construction and the management of soil and water loss in Three Gorges Reservoir Region