脏污程度对奶牛乳区温度分布规律的研究

Effect of Smudgy Degree on Temperature Distribution of the Udder Surface in Dairy Cow

为提高红外热成像技术检测奶牛隐性乳房炎的准确性,按脏污程度对奶牛乳区温度分布的影响进行研究。选取乳房外观正常,SCC<5×10~5·mL^(-1)的泌乳牛325头,对其后乳区进行分区:乳头池、乳腺池和乳腺,并对不同分区采取3分制的评分制进行评分,根据评分将后乳区不同分区各分为4组。结果显示,在干净状态下,奶牛后乳区左右不同分区的皮肤温度差异均不显著(P>0.05);从乳腺、乳腺池到乳头池,其皮肤平均温度、最低温度、最高温度有显著降低或降低的趋势,降低幅度相应为1.90、6.90和1.62℃;随着脏污程度的增加,乳头池、乳腺池、乳腺皮肤的最低温度呈现极显著降低(P<0.01),平均温度有降低的趋势,温度变异程度极显著增加(P<0.01)。综上表明,脏污程度对奶牛乳区温度分布有重要影响,且乳腺部分最高温度受到的影响较小,是温度法检测奶牛隐性乳房炎的较适部分和较适检测指标。

In order to improve the accuracy of detecting dairy cow subclinical mastitis by infrared thermography,the effect of smudgy degree on temperature distribution of the udder surface in dairy cow was studied.325 dairy cows with normal udder appearance and SCC5×10^5·mL^（-1）were selected.Their rear udders were partitioned into teat cistern,mammary cistern and mammary gland,and the smudgy degree was graded according to a 3-point scoring system.Then different parts of rear udder were divided into 4groups.The results showed that the difference of skin temperature of left and right sides at the different parts was not significant（P0.05）in the clean rear udder.It was also found that the mean skin temperature,minimum temperature and maximum temperature from mammary gland,mammary cistern to teat cistern significantly reduced or had a tendency to be lower,and that the decreased amplitude was 1.90,6.90 and 1.62 ℃,respectively.However,with the increase of degree of the smudge,at teat cistern,mammary cistern and mammary gland,the minimum skin temperature,was sharply decreased（P〈0.01）,mean temperature had a tendency to reduce,and the variational degree of temperature was significantly increased（P〈0.01）.These results indicated that smudgy degree of udder surface had an important effect on its temperature distribution,the highest temperature of mammary gland had a smaller effect of smudge,which is optimum to determine subclinical mastitis of dairy cow by IRT method.