不同除草剂防除粳稻田间杂草安全性分析及杂草防控策略

A Security Analysis of Different Herbicides against Japonica Rice Weeds and Control Strategies

通过播后苗前、播后苗期、分蘖末期、栽后6 d、孕穗期5个阶段,进行不同除草药剂在不同粳稻品种田间除草效果与安全性观察示范试验。结果表明:40%苄嘧?丙草胺WP在粳稻直播田间播后苗前施用,控草效果较理想、安全性好;10%噁唑酰草胺EC、2.5%五氟磺草胺OF、10%氰氟草酯EW、50%二氯喹啉酸WP等药剂,在粳稻直播田间播后苗期除草安全性好,但五氟磺草胺、二氯喹啉酸在对其已产生抗药性的田块,对稗草防除效果差;直播粳稻播后苗期受除草剂药害后,耐淹性较籼稻弱,且偏粳型粳稻弱于偏籼型粳稻;30%苄嘧?异丙草WP、37.5%苄嘧?丁草胺WP、25%苄嘧?乙草胺WP等药剂,防除粳稻移栽田间杂草效果较理想、安全性好;46%2甲?灭草松SL、9%嘧肟?氰氟草ME,在粳稻分蘖末期施用,安全性较好;双草醚及其复配制剂,只能在直播粳稻4叶至分蘖末期施用,且安全性较差;不同类型(偏籼型、偏粳型)粳稻,对同种安全性较差的除草剂敏感性不同,常规粳稻或偏粳型粳稻的耐药力较偏籼型粳稻弱,在安全性分析基础上提出粳稻田间杂草综合防除(控)策略。

Based on different herbicidal agents applied to different japonica rice variety and planting mode field, through 5 stages of pre-emergence after sowing, seedling after sowing, late tillering after transplanting 6 d, and booting stage, field weeding effects were conducted and safety demonstration tests were observed. Results showed that： 40% bensulfuron ？ metolachlor WP was used in the live japonica rice field during pre-emergence after sowing, with ideal weed controlling effects and good security？ oxazole acid 10% metolachlor EC, 2.5% pentafluoro alachlor o F 10% fluorine cyanide mexyl EW, 50% quinclorac WP and other agents were used in the,live japonica rice field during the rice seedling after sowing, with good weeding security, but the controllingeffects of pentafluoro alachlor and quinclorac against barnyard grass were not so good in the drug resistance fields？ during the seedling after sowing, live japonica rice got injury from the herbicides, so its submergence tolerance was weaker than that of indica rice, and so was that of japonica than that of partial indica japonica？ 30% bensulfuron propisochlor WP, 37.5% bensulfuron butachlor WP, 25% WP bensulfuron acetochlor and other agents were used in the japonica rice transplanting fields, with more ideal weed controlling effect and good security？ 46% 2 A bentazone SL and 9% ethyl oxime cyhalofop ME were used at the end of tillering japonica administration, with better security？ bispyribac-sodium and its compound preparation could only be used at the end of tillering to live japonica with 4 leaves, with poor security？ different types of japonica rice（partial indica, partial japonica）, when used the same kind of herbicide with poor security, their sensitivity was different？ the herbicide resistant force of conventional japonica rice or japonica was weaker than that of indica japonica. So, here the paper proposed the integrated weed control strategies.