烟梗、烟叶碎片和烟末的化学成分与纤维形态

Chemical composition and fiber morphology of tobacco stem, scrap and dust

为评价造纸法再造烟叶的原料特性,采用制浆造纸原料分析方法和烟草化学分析方法,分析了云南、四川两地不同年份烟梗、烟叶碎片和烟末的化学成分与纤维形态。结果表明:1烟梗和碎片中的综纤维素、硝酸-乙醇纤维素、木素和聚戊糖含量(质量分数)均远远低于禾本科造纸原料麦草和蔗渣,烟梗和碎片中的果胶、灰分和抽出物含量均显著高于麦草和蔗渣。其中,烟梗的综纤维素、硝酸-乙醇纤维素和木素含量高于碎片,碎片的苯醇抽出物和果胶含量高于烟梗;2烟梗的总糖、还原糖、钾、氯等含量高于碎片,烟梗的总氮、总植物碱、蛋白质、淀粉、果胶等含量低于碎片;3烟梗的重均纤维长度为0.55mm,宽度为22.09μm,长宽比为24.9,烟梗中非纤维细胞含量为90.9%,碎片和烟末几乎全部由非纤维细胞组成。

To assess the characteristics of raw materials for paper-making process reconstituted tobacco, the chemical composition and fiber morphology of stem, scrap and dust of tobacco of different growing years collected from Sichuan and Yunnan were analyzed with the raw material analyzing methods for pulp/paper-making and tobacco chemistry analysis methods. The results showed that：1） The contents of holocellulose,nitric acid-ethanol cellulose, lignin and pentosan were much lower, while the contents of pectin, ash and extractives were significantly higher in tobacco stem and scrap than those in wheat straw and bagasse（raw material for paper-making）. The contents of holocellulose, nitric acid-ethanol cellulose and lignin were higher in tobacco stem than in tobacco scrap, while the contents of benzene-ethanol extractive and pectin were higher in tobacco scrap than in stem. 2） The contents of total sugar, reducing sugar, potassium and chlorine were higher in tobacco stem than in tobacco scrap, while the contents of total nitrogen, total alkaloid, protein, starch and pectin were lower in tobacco stem. 3） The weight-average fiber length, width, ratio of length to width and non-fiber cell content of tobacco stem were 0.55 mm, 22.09 μm, 24.9 and 90.9%, respectively; while tobacco scrap and dust were almost composed of non-fiber cells entirely.