未成年证人基本问题研究

Research on the Basic Problems of Juvenile Witness

未成年证人相关问题一直是学界关注的焦点。包括我国在内,世界上很多国家和地区立法均对未成年证人的作证资格采取默认的态度。但是,由于证人的感知、表述、记忆等各项能力较弱,法庭需要以未成年人是否具有明辨是非的能力为准则,通过审查智力状况以及与作证相关的基本能力对其作证资格作出判断。法庭还应当从建立证人保护机构、制定保护措施、庭前服务、庭审中减少压力、禁止提出诱导性问题、运用科技手段等方面分别对未成年人的人身安全及心理健康进行保护。

The problems of juvenile witnesses have been considered as important issues in academia all the time. The competence of witness also has been admitted in many countries and areas,including China. However,because the abilities of juveniles＇ perception,expression and recall are weak,the judge makes decisions by judging whether they have the ability of distinguishing right and wrong,as well as checking intelligence and some basic abilities about giving evidence. In addition,juvenile witnesses should be protected both personal security and psychological health by establishing the witness protection unit,making protection measures,the pre-trial service,reducing stress in trial and avoid asking leading questions.