试析《论语》中孔子的生死观

The Analysis of Confucius' s View on Life and Death in the Confucius Analects

生死,乃人生之大事,也是哲学最根本的问题。依据《论语》中的相关文本,试图解读孔子的生死观,剖视其发轫的历史背景,探究生死的真相和超越性。且把生死的超越分为若干层次:个体生命的历史性超越,代际文化传承的创新性超越,"仁"为生命价值的道德超越,生死意识的自觉与智的超越。从而发掘儒家生死观中的内在蕴涵和文化价值,及其对现代社会临终关怀和终极意义的生命价值。

Life and death is the most important thing of people＇s life, which can also be recognized as the fundamental problem of philosophy. According to the related texts in the Confucius Analects, this article attempts to explain the Confucius＇ s view on life and death, so as to find out the historical background of its occurrence, and explore the truth of life and death and its transcendence. The transcendence of life and death can be divided into several levels： the historic transcendence of individual life,innovative transcendence of intergenerational inheritance, the moral transcendence of ＂benevolence＂（the value of life）, the transcendence of consciousness and wisdom about life and death. Through Confucian view on life and death, the intrinsic meanings and cultural values can be discovered eventually, as well as the life values for hospice care and ultimate meaning in modern society.