完善我国环境公益诉讼制度的思考

Thought of the Improvement in China's Environmental Public Interests Litigation System

随着环境形势的日益严峻,政府在环境监管中的作用愈发重要。我国2014年修订的《环境保护法》明确规定各级地方政府对本行政区域的环境质量负责,但该法对地方政府怠于履行环境监管职责的情形没有设计相应的外部监督制度,客观上造成环境公益诉讼实践发展不平衡。借鉴欧美国家主要由公民或环保团体针对政府的环境违法行为提起行政公益诉讼的环境公益诉讼立法例和司法实践,完善我国环境公益诉讼制度的关键是构建环境行政公益诉讼制度,以规制环境保护领域的"政府失灵"现象,并理顺公共环境事务中行政权与司法权的关系。

With the increasingly severer environmental problems,the government plays a more and more important role in the field of environmental supervision. Environmental Protection Law of the People＇s Republic of China（ 2014 Revision） has explicitly stipulated that the local governments at all levels shall be responsible for the environmental quality within their respective administrative regions.But Article 58 in the law has not set up corresponding external supervision system on circumstances of governments indolent in carrying out environmental supervision duties,which objectively leads to the unbalanced development of environmental public interest litigation practice. Reference are learned from the environmental public interest litigation legislation and juridical practice in western countries,of which the major is the environmental administrative public litigation instituted by the civil and environmental groups that filed administrative lawsuits. So as to prove that the key to consummate Chinese environmental public interest litigation system should be the construction of the environmental administrative public interest litigation system,in order to regulate the phenomenon of government failure in the environmental protection field and classify the relationship between the administrative power and judicial power in the field of public affairs.