地下车库风管排烟方式与诱导排烟方式的数值模拟研究

Numerical simulation study on duct smoke exhaust mode and induced smoke exhaust mode in underground garages

采用FDS软件,模拟分析了风管排烟与诱导排烟2种排烟方式在与自喷耦合作用下对车库内气流速度场、温度场、CO浓度、能见度、烟气层高度的控制效果,以及对自喷喷头启动的影响。结果表明,2种排烟方式对车库火场中各指标的控制均满足人员疏散要求,但诱导排烟方式在烟气层稳定性和烟气层高度控制方面均不及风管排烟方式,易造成火源下游相关条件较差,影响疏散,认为诱导排烟方式不适用于人员密集的场所。鉴于车库人员较少,为提高单位停车效率,可考虑使用诱导排烟方式替代风管排烟方式。

Using FDS software, analyses and compares the airflow velocity distribution, temperature distribution, CO concentration distribution, visibility and smoke layer height in the garage under the water spray coupling effect with duct smoke exhaust mode and induced smoke exhaust mode, and the influence on the sprinkler activation. The results show that each index of the garage fire condition controlled by the two kinds of smoke exhaust systems can meet the requirement of personnel evacuation. But the induced smoke exhaust mode is not as good as the traditional duct smoke exhaust mode on stability of smoke layer and smoke layer height control. The induced smoke exhaust mode is not suitable for the crowded places because of its bad effect on the downstream of fire source and the evacuation. Because of few people in the underground garage, suggests that the induced smoke exhaust mode can be taken instead of the duct smoke exhaust mode in order to improve the efficiency of the unit parking.