20～69岁人群肌肉耐力变化规律的试验研究

Change Pattern of Skeletal Muscle Endurance in Healthy People 20 to 69 Years Old

目的：通过对身体各部位肌肉力量综合测试,探讨我国普通人群肌肉耐力增龄性变化规律,为今后肌肉耐力测定及大众健身的相关研究提供参考。方法：20~69岁837名（男421,女416）,5岁分组。进行15RM的仰卧推举、负重屈肘、曲臂支撑、仰卧举腿、1 min连续半蹲起次数测试及对比,绘制肌肉耐力年龄变化曲线。结果：（1）男性肌肉耐力水平在20~30岁达到高峰期,35~39岁下降非常显著,其中下肢肌肉耐力下降最早,建议加强此年龄段的肌肉耐力锻炼,尤其应注意下肢肌肉耐力的锻炼;（2）女性肌肉耐力水平在25~30岁达到峰值,此后开始出现下降,其中腰腹及腰背部肌肉耐力下降最早也最为明显,50岁以后身体各部位肌肉耐力均下降明显,建议加强此年龄段的肌肉耐力锻炼,尤其应注意腰腹肌腰背部肌肉耐力锻炼。结论：仰卧推举15RM、负重屈肘15RM、曲臂支撑、1 min连续半蹲起次数等方法在普通人群中测试安全性和应用性较好,可表达不同年龄人群肌肉耐力水平,所建立的参考值可供今后研究参考。

Aim：Establish the standard values of skeletal muscle endurance in general population by measuring the skeletal muscle endurance in variousparts of the body of healthy people. Methods：837 subjects（male 421 and female 416）,aged 20~69 years,were allocated into the 5-year age groups. Skele-tal muscle endurance tests included 15 RM of biceps curl,bench press,bent-arm support,and leg raise,as well as 1-min squat test. Results：（1）Data frommale subjects showed that the peak of skeletal muscle endurance occurred between 20~30 years old and a fast decrease was observed between 35~39 yearsold,especially the leg muscle endurance.（2）Data from female subjects showed that the peak was reached between 25~30 years old. Skeletal muscle endur-ances start to decrease after 30 years old,in particular,in abdominal and back muscles.（3）For both genders,all skeletal muscle endurances decrease after50 years old. The endurances of the abdominal and back muscles decrease faster than those of the limb muscles.