锻炼坚持认知决策模型的拓展——积极情绪体验的增值贡献

Development of Psychological Decision-making Model of Exercise Adherence: The Value Added Contribution of Positive Affective Experience

长期坚持有规律的锻炼才能产生并保持良好的、稳定的身心效益。然而,近50%的锻炼计划参与者会在最初的3~6月退出锻炼。因此,探究锻炼坚持的心理机制很有必要。基于锻炼坚持认知决策模型,检验大学生坚持锻炼的心理机制。研究采用横断调查设计,结构方程模型的检验结果表明：（1）拓展后的锻炼坚持认知决策模型的拟合度可以接受,锻炼动机、锻炼效果和锻炼自我效能对锻炼承诺的标准化路径系数分别为0.18,0.51和0.21,模型解释了锻炼承诺52%的方差和锻炼坚持行为25%的方差;（2）引入情绪体验后,锻炼坚持认知决策-情绪模型的拟合优度良好,模型对锻炼承诺和锻炼坚持行为的解释力分别提高了2%和3%,其中,积极幸福感正向预测锻炼承诺和锻炼坚持行为,心理烦恼对锻炼承诺和锻炼坚持行为均无预测作用。结论：锻炼坚持认知决策模型能够较好地预测锻炼坚持行为,而加入积极情绪体验后可以提高对锻炼承诺和锻炼坚持行为的解释力。

To attain and maintain stable physical and psychological benefits,exercise must be conducted on a regular basis over a period of time. However,about half of individuals who do initiate an exercise program are very likely to drop out of the program within three to six-months of initial involvement.Therefore,it is essential to explore psychological mechanism in exercise adherence. Based on Psychological Decision-making Model of Exercise Adherence,this research explored psychological mechanism of college students in exercise adherence by cross-sectional design. The hypothetical models were examinedwith structural equation modeling which revealed that（1）the developed model was acceptable,the paths of exercise motivation,exercise effects,and exer-cise self-efficacy to exercise commitment were 0.18,0.51,0.21 respectively,52% variance of exercise commitment and 25% variance of exercise adherencewas explained in this model;（2）by adding affective experience,Psychological decision-making-affect model was good,the predictive power of exercise com-mitment and exercise adherence was increased by 2% and 3% respectively;exercise commitment and exercise adherence were significantly predicted by posi-tive well-being but not psychological distress. Conclusion：exercise adherence could be explained by the Developed Psychological Decision-making Model ofExercise Adherence,while the predictive power of the model was higher by adding positive affective experience.