摘要
根据羊鸡冲小流域坡耕地野外径流小区径流泥沙观测数据及降雨特征资料,研究主要雨型对砂页岩坡耕地土壤侵蚀的影响,结果表明:侵蚀性降雨主要发生在6—9月,尤其7月的降雨量、产沙量、降雨侵蚀力最大;依据降雨量、降雨历时、雨强划分的3类雨型,聚类效果较好,3类雨型降雨频率呈C雨型>B雨型>A雨型,单位面积侵蚀量呈B雨型>C雨型>A雨型;B雨型单位面积侵蚀量与雨强、最大30 min雨强呈幂函数关系,C雨型单位面积侵蚀量与降雨量呈幂函数关系;A雨型单位面积侵蚀量与径流系数呈线性相关,C雨型单位面积侵蚀量与径流深呈幂函数关系。
According to the observed data of runoff and sediment of field runoff plots and rainfall data of sloping farmland in Yangjichong small watershed,the paper mainly studied the influence of main rainfall patterns to soil erosion of arenaceous shale sloping farmland.The outcomes show that a) the erosive rainfall mainly occurs in the period of June to September,spatially the rainfall,sediment yield and rainfall erosion force are the maximum in July;b) the cluster effect of three rainfall patterns divided based on rainfall,rainfall duration and intensity is better.The frequency of the three patterns shows pattern C > pattern B > pattern A.The erosion amount of unit area shows pattern B > pattern C > pattern A;c) the erosion amount of unit area and rainfall intensity,the maximum rainfall intensity in 30 minutes of pattern B show the relationship of power function and the erosion amount of unit area and rainfall of pattern C show the relationship of power function and;d) the erosion amount of unit area and runoff coefficient of pattern A show linear correlation.The erosion amount of unit area and runoff depth of pattern C shows the relationship of power function.
出处
《中国水土保持》
2016年第4期44-47,77,共4页
Soil and Water Conservation in China
基金
贵州省教育厅教改项目(黔教研合JYSZ字〔2014〕003)
关键词
砂页岩
坡耕地
土壤侵蚀
雨型
径流
泥沙
arenaceous shale
sloping farmland
soil erosion
rain type
runoff
sediment
