痴呆患者照顾者需求的质性研究

Qualitative Research on Demand of Caregivers in Taking Care of Dementia Patients

目的了解痴呆患者照顾者的需求,为促进患者康复、减轻照顾者负担提供依据。方法采用现象学研究方法对首都医科大学宣武医院神经内科收治的10名痴呆患者的照顾者进行半结构式访谈,将记录的资料按Colaizzi步骤进行分析。结果痴呆患者照顾者的需求可归纳为4个主题:疾病相关知识需求、心理疏导需求、经济援助需求和社会关注需求。结论护理人员应了解痴呆患者照顾者的需求,探讨满足其合理需求的方法和措施,帮助其以良好的心态积极应对患者的症状,从而减轻照顾者的身心负担,促进患者康复或延缓疾病进程,提升患者及照顾者的生活质量。

Objective To understand a variety of needs of dementia patients＇ caregivers,in order to provide evidence for promoting patients recovery and reducing the financial burden on caregivers.Methods By using phenomenological research methods,10 caregivers of dementia patients had semi-structured interviews and the record was organized and analyzed accordingly with Colaizzi steps.Results Four themes were summarized as follows：demanding of nursing knowledge,psychological counseling needs,economic assistance and social concerns.Conclusion Nursing staff should understand the needs of the dementia patients＇ caregivers and discuss the method to fulfill those needs,in order to promote patients recovering in the good environment or slow down the disease process and improve quality of life.