礼貌是养成美德的基本环节

Courtesy:A Basic Joint in for Virtue

礼貌虽然在目中有人、心中有他的道德规定上,与道德存在一致性,但礼貌并不需要道理的支持,只是重在行为的实施,因此,等同礼貌和道德是有失科学的。人的社会化过程是一个照着做、学着自然做到自觉做的过程,礼貌是人生养成习惯的第一件大事,故对儿童的礼貌训练就显得格外重要;训练形成的模式,为其日后道德素质的积累准备了域场。现实昭示,我们当下的道德教育所忽视的正是礼貌养成的重要作用方面;缺乏依据人的生理、心理特征来进行教育的努力,只知道灌输大道理。故在道德教育的实践上,我们注意的仅仅是物力的投入,而不太关注收到的效益是什么。换言之,行动与效果始终在相脱离的轨道上行进,没有效果的行为造成的仅仅是浪费。从某种意义上说,孩童的礼貌训练是走向美德的桥梁,也是承扬中华传统美德实践中解决如何做的关键环节。

Although courtesy is consistent with morality in that both emphasize having one＇s mind on others, it is not scientific to equate them because courtesy does not stand by principles and just focuses on the behavior of the embodiment. The socialization of human being is a process from following someone＇s manners to do something, to learning to do something spontaneously and finally to doing something consciously. Courtesy is the first thing for human to develop a habit, so the training of children＇s manners is particularly important. The behavior pattern formed from training prepares for the future accumulation of moral qualities. The reality just shows that what we have ignored so far is manners development which has an important role in the moral education. The moral education just tells people truths they already knew and lacks of efforts according to human being＇s physical and psychological characteristics. Therefore, what we paid attention to is just to put into material resources instead of concerning about what the benefits we receive. In other words, action and effect are always working on the separate paths. The behavior with action but without results has no benefit at all except waste and connects closely that fact that we never pay attention to how to do things in their own way closely. Starting from manners training is not only a bridge to lead into virtue, but also a key to solve the problem of how to do things in the practice of inheriting and carrying forward Chinese traditional virtue.