“ego”还是“self”?——精神分析理论中“自我”概念的发展

“Ego”or“Self”:Inheritance and Development of the Conception of“Ego/Self”in Theory of Psychoanalysis

自弗洛伊德创建精神分析理论以来,精神分析运动已历百年,其内部有关"自我"的研究一直在不断深化,阿德勒的个体心理学、荣格的分析心理学,以及之后的自我心理学、社会文化学派都从不同角度、不同层面对"自我"进行了挖掘和探索,使"自我"的概念得以不断丰富和完善。文章对精神分析理论中"自我"(self与ego)概念进行了梳理,以厘清精神分析运动百年的发展脉络,进而加深对"自我"概念的理解。

It has been one hundred years since Sigmund Freud founded the theory of Psychoanalysis. In these years, the researches on ＂ego/self＂ by scholars of the Psychoanalysis have been gradually developed. Adler＇s individual psychology, Jung＇s analytic psychology, ego psychology and the Psychoanalytic school of social culture have explored this conception in different ways and even different fields, thus making the conception of ＂ego/self＂ more and more abundant and mature. This paper analyzes the history of the change of ＂ego/self＂ so as to help people have a better understanding of the development of Psychoanalysis and the conception of ＂ego/self＂.