气道内支架在良性气道狭窄中的应用进展

Recent progress in clinical application of endoluminal stent for benign airway stenosis

气道内支架置入术可有效缓解良性气道狭窄,但其在安全性及远期疗效等方面仍见解不一。临床应用的支架主要包括硅酮支架、暂时性覆膜金属支架以及生物可降解支架等。由于可能引起肉芽组织增生、支架断裂、支架移位以及气道感染等并发症,对于良性气道狭窄患者,只有在不宜手术或对其他腔内介入治疗未取得明显疗效,或疗效难以维持时,才考虑气道内支架置入。支架置入是一种临时性治疗手段或最后的解决方案。合理掌握支架置入的时机,正确处理并发症,可以取得较好的临床疗效。

The airway stent implantation can effectively alleviate the benign airway stenosis, but there is controversies over its safety and long-term effect. Stents used in clinical practice mainly include silicone stents, temporary covered metallic stents, biodegradable stents, etc. Because these stents can possibly cause some complications such as granulation tissue hyperplasia, stent fracture, stent displacement, airway infection and so forth, in treating benign airway stenosis the endoluminal stent implantation therapy can be taken into consideration only when the patient is not suitable for surgery, or the response to other interventional therapies is not satisfactory or its clinical effectiveness can not be maintained. Stent implantation has been regarded as a temporary management or as a final solution for the patients mentioned above. Reasonable grasp of the time for stent implantation and proper management of complications can achieve better clinical efficacy.