石榴皮有效抑菌部位萃取工艺的比较分析

Comparative Analysis of the Extraction Technology of Effective Antibacterial Ingredients from Pomegranate Rind

[目的]优化石榴皮有效抑菌部位的萃取工艺。[方法]采用超声辅助萃取法,选取纯水、甲醇、乙醇、丙酮、乙酸乙酯、正己烷6种溶剂萃取石榴皮抑菌药液。通过琼脂平板法测定石榴皮抑菌药液对9株水产常见致病菌的最低抑菌浓度,正交试验方法考察溶剂浓度、料液比、温度、超声时间对抑菌率的影响,进一步优化石榴皮抑菌药液的萃取工艺。[结果]比较不同溶剂抑菌效果,表明乙醇为最佳萃取溶剂,其萃取部位平均最低抑菌浓度为0.517 mg/m L。在乙醇体积分数70%、料液比1∶20 g/m L、萃取温度60℃、超声时间40 min的最佳萃取工艺条件下,萃取药液平均最低抑菌浓度为0.442 mg/m L。[结论]研究可为石榴皮在水产养殖细菌性疾病防控中的应用和石榴皮抗菌剂的研制及工业化生产提供理论依据。

[Objective] To optimize the extraction technology of antibacterial ingredients from pomegranate rind.[Method]Six kinds of solvents（ water,methanol,ethanol,acetone,ethyl acetate and n-hexane） were used to extract antibacterial ingredients from pomegranate rind. The minimal inhibitory concentrations（ MIC） of nine common strains of main aquatic pathogenic bacteria were tested by agar dilution method. The orthogonal experimental was designed to research the effects of solvent concentration,solid-liquid ratio,ultrasonic temperature and ultrasonic time on antibacterial rate. Extraction technology of antibacterial ingredients from pomegranate rind was further optimized. [Result] By comparing with the antibacterial effects of different solvents,ethanol was chosen as the best extraction solvent and the average minimum inhibitory concentration was0. 517 mg / m L. The optimal extraction technology was 70% ethanol concentration,1∶ 20 g / m L solid-liquid ratio,60 ℃ extraction temperature and40 min ultrasonic time. Under this condition,the minimum inhibitory concentration was 0. 442 mg / m L.[Conclusion]This research provides theoretical basis for the application of pomegranate rind in bacterial disease prevention and control of aquaculture and for the development and industrialized production of pomegranate rind antibacterial agent.