钢渣对稀土矿区酸性土壤的改良效果

Improvement Effect of Steel Slag on Acid Soil in Rare Earth Mining Area

[目的]探索一种新型稀土矿山酸性土壤改良方法。[目的]以江西赣州某稀土矿区土壤为研究对象,采用钢渣和有机肥为土壤改良药剂,设置了钢渣2%、有机肥3%、有机肥3%+钢渣2%、有机肥8%、有机肥8%+钢渣2%、空白对照6个处理,研究不同添加量的钢渣与有机质对矿区酸性土壤p H、阳离子交换量、水溶性盐总量、全氮、全磷、全钾、有效磷、水解性氮、速效钾、总孔隙度等理化性质以及白菜种子的发芽和生长情况的影响。[结果]土壤有机质、阳离子交换量、水溶性盐总量、全氮、全磷、水解性氮、有效磷、速效钾、电导率等指标和有机肥的添加量具有正相关关系,总孔隙度在改良前后变化不明显;钢渣可以提高黏粒含量和土壤p H,促进植物的发芽与生长;在植被后期生长过程中,可以通过添加有机肥保证土壤肥力,使稀土矿山的复绿效果得以长期延续。[结论]钢渣是一种改良矿区酸性土壤的有效药剂。

[Objective] The aim was to explore a new method for the improvement of acid soil in rare earth mine.[Method]With Jiangxi Ganzhou a rare earth mining area soil as the research object,using steel slag and organic fertilizer as soil improvement agent,setting up 6 treatments including steel slag 2%,organic fertilizer 3%,organic fertilizer 3% ＋ steel slag 2%,organic fertilizer 8%,organic fertilizer 8% ＋ steel slag2%,blank control,effects of different adding amount of steel slag and organic matter on acid soil p H,cation exchange capacity,water soluble salt content,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium,available phosphorus,hydrolytic nitrogen,available potassium,total porosity were studied,as well as germination and growth situation of Chinese cabbage seeds.[Result]Soil organic matter,cation exchange capacity,water soluble salt content,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,hydrolytic nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,electrical conductivity had a positive correlation with the amount of organic fertilizer,the total porosity was not changed significantly before and after the improvement,steel slag could improve clay content and soil p H,promote plants＇ germination and growth. In the late stage of vegetation growth,soil fertility could be ensured by adding organic fertilizer,and the virescence effect of rare earth mine could be prolonged.[Conclusion]Steel slag is a kind of effective agent to improve the acid soil in mine area.