庐山地区红壤剖面及养分状况研究

Study on Red Soil Profile and Nutrient Status in Mount Lu Area

[目的]研究庐山地区红壤剖面和养分状况。[方法]在庐山红壤分布区挖土壤剖面观察土壤分层和形态,分析A、B_1、B_2、C_（SV）不同土层全氮、速效磷、速效钾的含量。[结果]红壤A层土层厚度为0~9 cm,B_1层为9~25 cm,B_2层为25~108 cm,C_（SV）达108~124 cm,A层的pH为4.75;全氮、速效磷、速效钾均表现出随土壤深度的增加呈下降趋势,其中全氮和速效钾含量下降明显,全氮含量从1.31 g/kg下降至0.38 g/kg,速效钾从46.73 g/kg下降至15.46 g/kg,分别下降了70.99%和66.92%,速效磷在A层土壤中的含量为8.10 g/kg,在B_1层的含量为5.31 g/kg,下降了34.44%,降幅较大,在C层为4.94 g/kg,降幅仅为6.97%。[结论]庐山地区红壤剖面质地均匀,土壤水土流失严重,酸化明显,养分含量不足。

[Objective] The aim was to explore red soil profile and nutrient status in Mount Lu area.[Method]Soil stratification and morphology was observed in red soil distribution area in Mount Lu area,total nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium content in A,B_1,B_2,C_（SV） layers were analyzed.[Result] The thickness of A layer of red soil was 0- 9 cm,B_1 layer was 9- 25 cm,B_2 layer was 25- 108 cm,C_（SV） reached 108- 124 cm,p H of A layer was 4. 75; total nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium showed a decreasing trend with increase of soil depth,the total N and available K content decreased significantly,total N content decreased from 1. 31 to 0. 38 g / kg,available potassium decreased from 46. 73 to 15. 46 g / kg,respectively,a decrease of 70. 99% and 66. 92%. The content of available P in A,B_1 and C layer was 8. 10,5. 31 and 4. 94 g / kg,a decline of 34. 40% and 6. 97%.[Conclusion] The red soil profile in Mount Lu area is of uniform texture,soil erosion is serious,acidification is obvious,and nutrient content is insufficient.