青海高寒干旱区冬暖式日光温室辣椒灌溉制度的拟定

Establishment of Pepper Irrigation Schedule in Heliogreenhouse in Alpine Arid Area of Qinghai Province

在高寒干旱区冬暖式节能型日光温室滴灌技术模式条件下,通过试验了解辣椒全生育期的需水变化规律,考察不同的灌水定额、灌水周期、灌水次数对辣椒产量和效益的影响,开展滴灌灌溉制度试验研究。试验确定了适用于青海高寒干旱区日光温室辣椒节水高效的滴灌灌溉制度,高产灌溉制度为灌水次数23次,灌水总定额4 500 m^3/hm^2,各生育期灌水定额依次为泡地水900 m^3/hm^2、发芽期375 m^3/hm^2、幼苗期375 m^3/hm^2、初花期300 m^3/hm^2、结果期450 m^3/hm^2、采摘期2 100 m^3/hm^2;经济灌溉制度为灌水次数27次,灌水总定额4 020 m^3/hm^2,各生育期灌水定额依次为泡地水900 m^3/hm^2、发芽期360 m^3/hm^2、幼苗期360 m^3/hm^2、初花期300 m^3/hm^2、结果期450 m^3/hm^2、采摘期1 650 m^3/hm^2。研究体现了节水技术和增产的优势,为青海省黄河流域地区和湟水河流域地区应用冬暖式节能型日光温室滴灌技术模式条件下的灌溉需水量提供了技术依据。

Under the energy-saving heliogreenhouse drip irrigation mode,test was carried out to research the variation law of water requirement of the pepper during the whole growth period. Effects of irrigation quota,irrigation cycle and irrigation times on the yield and benefit of pepper were researched. Heliogreenhouse drip irrigation schedule with high efficient and water saving was determined,which was suitable for alpine arid area of Qinghai Province. The high-yield irrigation system was 23 irrigation times,and 4 500 m^3/ hm^2 irrigation quota. Irrigation quota of each growth stage was as follows： 900 m^3/ hm^2 in Paodishui,375 m^3/ hm^2 in germination stage,375 m^3/ hm^2 in seedling stage,300m^3/ hm^2 in initial flowering stage,450 m^3/ hm^2 in fruiting stage and 2 100 m^3/ hm^2 in harvesting stage. Economic irrigation system was 27 irrigation times and 4 020 m^3/ hm^2 irrigation quota. Irrigation quota of each growth stage was as follows： 900 m^3/ hm^2 in Paodishui,360 m^3/ hm^2 in germination stage,360 m^3/ hm^2 in seedling stage,300 m^3/ hm^2 in initial flowering stage,450 m^3/ hm^2 in fruiting stage and 1 650 m^3/ hm^2 in harvesting stage. The advantages of water saving technology and production increase reflected,which provided technical base for the irrigation requirement under energy-saving heliogreenhouse drip irrigation mode in Yellow River Region and Huangshuihe River Region.