身份犯共犯教义学原理的重构与应用

Reconstruction and Utilization on Dogmatic of the Issue of Status and Complicity

长期以来,我国学界都根据真正身份、不真正身份这一形式化区分标准来解决身份犯的共犯问题,并认为真正身份起连带作用,不真正身份起独立作用。但是,身份的形式化区分无法决定身份的实质作用。联系违法与责任对身份进行功能性重构是我们所应当选择的理论进路。在违法身份、责任身份这一实质化区分的基础上,根据限制从属性原理,"违法身份起连带作用、责任身份起个别作用"的教义学原理能够被证成。这一教义学原理能够合理解决身份犯的共犯问题,从而具备良好的应用功能。

In Chinese criminal theory, the issue of complicity of status crime has always been solved on the basis of the formal classification between real status and unreal status, as Chinese scholars hold the view that real status has joint function and unreal status has individual function. But the essential function of status is not decided by the formal classification. We should reconstruct theory about status and complicity based on the essential classification between illegal status and responsibility status. On the basis of this essential classification and the theory of restricted subordinate of complicity, the dogmatic theory that illegal status has joint function and responsibility status has individual function can be proved to be reasonable. This dogmatic theory can solve the issue of complicity of status crime reasonably and can be applied into practice effectively.