微孔陶瓷灌水器流量影响因素研究

Factors Influencing Flow Rate of Microporous Ceramic Irrigation Emitters

制备了3种孔径相同但开口孔隙率不同的粘土基微孔陶瓷,将3种微孔陶瓷加工成圆片并分别组装成灌水器,以灌水器的水力性能研究为基础,详细讨论了灌溉系统的水头以及微孔陶瓷片厚度和开口孔隙率对灌水器流量的影响。结果表明,微孔陶瓷灌水器的流量与灌溉系统的水头呈正比;微孔陶瓷片的厚度和开口孔隙率对灌水器的流量均有影响,其中开口孔隙率的影响最大,厚度的影响次之;由于微孔陶瓷的渗透系数与开口孔隙率满足幂函数关系,故随着微孔陶瓷开口孔隙率的增大,灌水器的流量呈幂函数快速增大;随着微孔陶瓷片厚度的增加,灌水器的流量缓慢降低。

Three microporous clay ceramics with uniform microstructure,adequate flexure strength of11 - 23 MPa,the same pore size about 4. 2 - 4. 6 μm and different open porosities of 37%,44% and51% were fabricated from the powder blend of clay and slag by sintering. The microporous ceramics were machined into circular specimens,and then microporous ceramic irrigation emitters were assembled by installing the circular microporous ceramic specimens in plastic casings. By testing the hydraulic performance of the irrigation emitters,the effects of thickness and open porosity of microporous ceramic specimens and water head in irrigation pipeline on flow rate of irrigation emitters were discussed in detail,and then the relationships among flow rate of irrigation emitters, thickness and open porosity of microporous ceramic specimens as well as the water head in irrigation pipeline were fitted. According to the testing results,the flow rate of irrigation emitters was proportional to the water head in irrigation pipeline,and the linear relationship was not affected by thickness and open porosity of microporous clay ceramics. The thickness and open porosity of the microporous ceramic specimens had great effect on the flow rate of irrigation emitters. As the thickness of microporous ceramic specimens was increased,the flow rate of irrigation emitters was decreased gradually. Due to the power function relationship between the hydraulic conductivity and open porosity of microporous ceramics,the flow rate of irrigation emitters was increased exponentially with the increase of open porosity of microporous ceramics. As demonstrated from the result in this work,the microporus clay ceramics are promising for manufacturing irrigation pitchers and units for water seepage and filtration.