小儿髋关节骨折医院感染临床特征与滤线器对X线图像质量的影响

Clinical characteristics of hospital infections in children with hip fracture and effect of filter on X-ray image quality

目的探讨小儿髋关节骨折医院感染特征及滤过对正位X线摄片辐射剂量、图像质量的影响,为降低辐射剂量提供参考依据。方法将2012年5月-2015年5月医院收治的82例小儿髋关节骨折患者按照随机数字表法分为滤过组41例和常规组41例,两组患儿均行X线检查,常规组不使用滤线器,滤过组使用滤线器,比较两组患儿辐射剂量及图像质量评分,数据采用SPSS 19.0软件进行统计分析。结果 82例患儿中发生医院感染4例,医院感染率4.9%;4例感染患儿共分离出11株病原菌,以革兰阴性菌为主,共6株占54.5%;与常规组比较,滤过组辐射剂量显著减少,两组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论髋关节骨折患儿医院感染病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主;在进行髋关节摄片时采用滤线器不影响图像质量,且能够显著降低患儿的辐射剂量,对实现放射防护最优化具有重要意义。

OBJECTIVE To explore the characteristics of hospital infections in children with hip fracture and the effect of filter on radiation dose and image quality of X-ray so as to provide references for reducing radiation doses.METHODS A total of 82 cases of hip fracture children who underwent X-ray detection from May 2012 to May 2015 were randomly divided into filtering group with 41 cases and control group with 41 cases,and the two groups were treated with X-ray examination.The conventional group was not treated with the filter,and the filtering group used filter line.The radiation dose and image quality of the two groups were compared.SPSS 19.0was adopted for statistical analysis.RESULTS There were 4cases appeared nosocomial infections in 82 cases,and the nosocomial infection rate was 4.9%.Totally 11 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from the 4cases,mainly dominating by gram-negative bacteria with 6strains accounted for 54.5%.Compared with the conventional group,the filtering group had significantly less radiation dose（P〈0.05）.CONCLUSION The main pathogenic bacteria causing nosocomial infections in children with hip fracture are gram-negative bacteria.Filter lines was proved to not influence the image quality and can significantly reduce the radiation doses,hence will be of great importance in optimizing radiological protection.