“四个全面”战略布局提出的历史考察

Historical Investigation of the "Four Comprehensives" Strategic Layout

作为马克思主义中国化的最新理论成果,"四个全面"战略布局背后有深刻的历史基础。改革开放之初,邓小平提出到20世纪末分"两步走"达到小康社会,以实现中国式的现代化;从十三大到十五大,分别将小康社会作为"三步走"的重要战略步骤和"两个一百年"、"新三步走"的重要战略基础;十六大指出世纪之交所达到的小康仅仅是总体小康,并提出了全面建设小康社会的奋斗目标;十七大提出到2020年全面建成小康社会的奋斗目标;十八大提出确保到2020年实现全面建成小康社会宏伟目标的时间表。在十八大之前,党的每次代表大会都强调要"全面改革"和"深化改革",但很少提到"全面深化改革";十八届三中全会确定了"全面深化改革"主题。十五大提出"依法治国、建设社会主义法治国家";此后我党历次会议都强调依法治国,并将依法治国与党的建设、人民当家作主一起,作为中国特色社会主义政治发展道路的特色;十七大提出依法治国是社会主义民主政治的基本要求;十八大首次明确提出"全面推进依法治国"的概念;十八届四中全会首次确定了"全面推进依法治国"的主题。邓小平多次强调"党要管党、从严治党";十四大首次把坚持从严治党写入党章的总纲;十五大提出全面从严治党的六个要求;习近平首先提出"全面从严治党"。"四个全面"战略布局是改革开放以来中国特色社会主义道路、理论体系和制度发展的必然结果,深化了对三大基本理论问题的认识,深化了对三大规律的认识,为实现"两个一百年"奋斗目标、实现中国梦提供了有力的理论支撑。

As the latest theoretical achievements of the sinicization of Marxism,the ＂ four comprehensives＂ strategic layout has a profound historical foundation. At the beginning of Reform and Opening up,DENG Xiaoping put forward to achieve a well- off society in ＂ two steps＂ by the end of twentieth Century so as to achieve the modernization of Chinese characteristics. From 13 th to 15 th National Congress of the CPC,respectively,the well- off society will be as an important strategic step for the ＂ three- steps＂ and the important strategic foundation of ＂ two hundred years＂ and ＂ new three- steps＂. The 16 th National Congress of the CPC points out that the well- off society at the turn of the century to be achieved is only a overall well- off,and put forward the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in an all- round way. The17 th National Congress of the CPC put forward the goal of building a well- off society in 2020. The 18 th National Congress of the CPC proposed to ensure the timetable to achieve the ambitious goal of building a moderately prosperous society in 2020. Before the 18 th National Congress of the CPC,each party＇s Congress has stressed ＂comprehensive reform＂and ＂deepening reform＂,but rarely mentioned ＂ comprehensive deepening reform＂. The third Plenary Session of the 18 th CPC Central Committee identified a theme of comprehensive deepening reform. The 15 th National Congress of the CPC put forward running the country according to law and building a socialist country governed by law. After this,our party meetings stressed running the country according to law,and made running the country according to law,the construction of the party,people is master in his own house,as characteristics of the path of political development under socialism with Chinese characteristics. The 17 th National Congress of the CPC proposed that running the country according to law is the basic requirement of socialist democratic politics. The 18 th National Congress of the CPC clearly put forward the concept of ＂ comprehensively promote the rule of law＂ for the first time. The fourth Plenary Session of the 18 th CPC Central Committee determine the theme of ＂ comprehensively promote the rule of law＂ for the first time. Deng Xiaoping has repeatedly stressed that the Party must handle Party affairs and be strict in Party discipline. The 14 th National Congress of the CPC adhere to strict party discipline into the constitution of the master for the first time.The Fifteenth National Congress of the CPC put forward six requirements of comprehensive running Party strictly. Xi Jinping first proposed the ＂ comprehensive running Party strictly＂. ＂ four comprehensive＂ strategic layout is the inevitable result of the development of road,theory and system of socialism with Chinese characteristics since the reform and opening up. It deepens the understanding of the three basic theoretical issues,deepens the understanding of the three laws. It provides a strong theoretical support in order to realize the two centenary goals and the Chinese dream.