适合小管径空调器的分配器分流性能评价与结构优化

Distribution Performance Assessment and Structure Optimization of Distributor Applied in Small-diameter Air Conditioner

为了开发具有最佳流量分配性能的小管径空调分配器,本文采用数值仿真和空气-水实验相结合的方法评价了常用分配器的分流性能,提出分配器的结构优化方法,并利用空调整机实验验证了该结构优化方法的改进效果。对于三种比较适合于小管径空调器的分配器进行的实验和计算表明,插孔式分配器的分流性能最佳,在额定制冷和额定制热工况下流量分配不均匀度均小于6%;实验结果与仿真计算得出的分配器流量分配不均匀度结果吻合,计算结果与实验的偏差都在15%以内。利用验证过的仿真模型,对插孔式分配器进行结构优化,优化后的分配器应用于空调整机后,系统能效提高了2.2%～2.7%。

In order to develop a distributor for small-diameter air conditioner with a best distribution performance,a CFD model was established and experiments with air and water as working fluids were done to evaluate distribution performance of three types of commonly used distributors. The CFD model was validated by the experiments,the structure of the chosen distributor was optimized,and the optimized distributor was verified by its application in a room air conditioner. The results show that,the jack-type distributor has the best distribution performance,and its uneven index are less than 6% under rated cooling and rated heating conditions; the CFD model can predict the performance of distributors,with the deviation of uneven index less than 15%. The validated CFD model was used to optimize the structure of the jack-type distributor. Application of the optimized distributor shows that it can enhance the energy efficiency of room air conditioner by 2. 2%- 2. 7%.