不同岩性Kaiser效应实验研究

Experiment of Kaiser Effect of Different Lithology

对地应力的准确把握是油气田钻井与开发的先决条件。近年来,Kaiser效应在地应力的测量应用得越来越广泛。介绍了Kaiser实验的原理以及发展,并对油田现场所取得泥岩、灰岩展开了单轴压缩条件下的声发射的研究,通过对比2种岩样的实验结果得出不同岩性地层的声发射特性既有共性也有异性,这主要与岩石结果和致密程度等因素有关;泥岩为塑性岩石,Kaiser效应点不易判读;灰岩主要表现为脆性,声发射活动较少但是对应的Kaiser效应点很明确。最后提出了Kaiser效应的影响因素、作用机制等还没有形成系统化的标准还有待进一步的研究。

The accurate grasp of the in-situ stress is the prerequisite of oil and gas drilling and development. In recent years,the application of the Kaiser effect in the measurement of the stress is more and more extensive. This paper mainly introduced the principle and development of Kaiser test,and the research on the acoustic emission in the field of the oil field was carried out under the condition of uniaxial compression. By comparing the experimental results of two kinds of samples,it was obtained that,acoustic emission characteristics of different strata have both generality and specificity,which is mainly related to the factors such as the result of rock and the density of the rock. The mudstone is plastic rock,and the Kaiser effect point is not easy to read; the main features of gray rock are brittle,but the acoustic emission activity is less but the Kaiser effect point is very clear. In the end,the influencing factors of Kaiser effect were proposed,and the mechanism of action is not systematic,which needs further study.