某高校食堂害嗜鳞螨孳生调查及形态观察

Survey and morphological observation of Lepidoglyphus destructor in college canteens

目的了解高校食堂粉螨的孳生情况。方法采集某市高校食堂揉面机底座周围、储物间面粉袋和米袋周围的地脚粉(米),光镜下观察粉螨的形态特征并进行螨种鉴定。结果共采集到108份样本,101份检测到粉螨,检出率为93.52%;共检获粉螨1 527只,平均孳生密度为1.41只/g。光镜下,害嗜鳞螨的4对足从跗节开始逐渐变细。背毛较长,呈密集的栉齿状并较硬直,腹毛则相对比较光滑且短。顶内毛较长,超出螯肢顶端,侧毛l_3、背毛d_3及d_4和骶内毛sai是躯体上最长的4对刚毛。雌螨较雄螨大,雌螨肛毛较雄螨多1对,雌螨的生殖褶大部分相连,前端有1块新月形生殖板覆盖。结论高校食堂粉螨的孳生情况比较严重,应采取有效的防制措施,以降低粉螨污染带来的危害。

Objective To understand the breeding and morphology of Lepidoglyphus destructor in college canteens in south Anhui Province.Methods The powder and rice on the floor around dough makers,flour bags and rice bags in college canteens were collected and observed under a microscope.Results Totally 108 samples were collected,and Acaroid mites were found in101 of them with a detection rate of 93.52%.Totally 1 527 mites were found with an average breeding density of 1.41/g.Under the light microscope observed,the L.destructor＇s four pairs of legs were tapering from tarsus.The back setae were stiff and the ventral setae were smooth and relatively short.The internal vertical seta was longer than the top of the chelicera.Dorsal seta d_3,d_4,lateral seta l_3 and sacral inner hair sai were the longest.The female mites were bigger than the male ones,and had more anal seta than male ones.The genital fold of female mites almost connected together,and the front-end had a crescent shaped plate cover.Conclusion The breeding of Acaroid mites in college canteens is serious,and therefore,effective measures should be taken to prevent and control it.