考虑温度因素的磁流变减振器的优化设计与实验

Optimization and experimental study of magneto-rheological fluid damper considering temperature effects

磁流变(Magneto-Rheological,MR)减振器在运行过程中,会出现阻尼力随温度升高而下降的现象,为了在不同温度下都能输出足够的阻尼力,在结构设计时考虑温度因素至关重要。为此,引入了评价系数,对较高温度下MR减振器是否有能力输出足够的阻尼力进行衡量,并与MR减振器的最大阻尼力和动态范围作为优化目标。利用有限元方法获得了工作区域的磁感应强度,并采用响应面法建立二阶预测模型描述了磁感应强度与结构参数之间的非线性关系;结合非支配遗传算法(Non-dominated Sorting Genetic AlgorithmⅡ,NSGAⅡ)对MR减振器的进行了多目标优化设计,根据优化结果设计制造了磁流变减振器,并进行了试验测试,验证了设计方案的有效性。

Increased working temperatures of a magneto-rheological （MR） fluid damper cause degraded performance of the MR damper. In order to develop enough damper force under different temperatures, it is important to consider the effects of temperature when designing an MR damper. In this study, a temperature evaluation factor is introduced to evaluate whether the MR shock absorber has the ability to provide required damping force under high temperatures. The evaluation factor, maximization of damping force and dynamic range are the objectives in the multiple optimal procedure of the MR damper. To improve the optimization efficiency, a second-order prediction model is established by using the response-surface method to describe the nonlinear relationship between magnetic induction intensity and structural variables. The magnetic induction intensity is obtained through the finite-element method. The Nondominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm Ⅱ （ NSGA- Ⅱ ） was applied to solve the multi-objective optimization problem. The optimal design of the manufactured MR damper was experimentally verified. The results show that the design of the MR damper is effective.