失地农户收入流动及其影响因素分析

Analysis of Land-expropriated Farmers' Income Mobility and Its Influence Factors

文章利用江西九江和湖北襄阳两地农户调查数据,考察工业化和新型城镇化发展中征地前后农户的收入流动性。研究结果表明,在土地被征收后,农户的收入流动性呈现出明显的组间差异,低收入组农户收入呈现向上流动的趋势,而中等收入组和高收入组农户收入向下流动趋势明显。外出务工的增加和非农化程度的提高促进了低收入组和中等收入组农户收入向上流动;受教育水平提高促进了高收入组农户收入的向上流动,而财产性收入比重下降对高收入组农户的收入流动有负向影响;农户面临的经济风险和医疗风险会导致所有组别农户收入向下流动;九江和襄阳两地农户收入流动性及影响因素存在差异。文章建议,在征地过程中要重点考虑为失地农户提供外出务工等非农就业的机会,采取有效措施提升失地农户的人力资本,设计防范和分散农户经济和健康风险的政策,同时应针对不同地区采取分类的政策措施。

Using the rural household survey data from cities of Jiujiang and Xiangyang, this paper analysesthe factors influencing land-expropriated farmers' income mobility along with the process of industrialisation and urbanisation. The results show that the land-expropriated farmers' income mobility presents obvious differences among different income groups, and income mobility of low-income farmers tends to be more ascending while the other groups' shows more descending. Income mobility of lowand middle-income groups who have migrant working experiences or more non-farm production activities tend to be more ascending. Income mobility of high-income group with higher educational achievement tends to be more ascending, while high-income group with lower proportion of property income is negatively affected on income mobility. Income mobility of all income level groups that have suffered economic risks and health risks tend to be more descending. Different patterns of income mobility and influential factors in Jiujiang and Xiangyang are observed. The paper suggests that the opportunities of migrant work and non-farm employment should be created and provided to land-expropriated farmers, and effective measures should be taken to improve farmers' human capital. Meanwhile risk prevention measures should be well designed in protecting farmers from suffering economic and health risks. Policy measures should also be locally specified to take account into regional differences.