转抗旱基因棉对土壤酶活性及速效养分含量的影响

Effects of Transgenic Drought-resistant Cotton on Enzyme Activities and Available Nutrients Content in Soil

旨在探究不同生育期内种植转抗旱基因棉及其常规棉对土壤酶活性及速效养分含量的影响。应用化学分析法和溶剂浸提法对2种棉花的土壤酶活性和速效养分含量进行比较分析。结果表明,在苗期,转抗旱基因棉土壤速效磷含量显著低于其常规棉,而土壤铵态氮、硝态氮含量和脲酶活性则显著高于其常规棉,其余4个生育期它们的含量与活性均无显著差异,土壤碱性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性5个生育期差异均不显著。对土壤酶活性和土壤速效养分含量的相关性分析表明,土壤铵态氮含量与土壤脲酶活性呈显著正相关,而与土壤碱性磷酸酶活性呈显著负相关;土壤速效磷与土壤全氮呈极显著负相关;土壤硝态氮含量与土壤碱性磷酸酶活性呈显著负相关,与土壤铵态氮含量显著正相关。综上,转抗旱基因棉花的种植几乎并不影响土壤速效养分含量及土壤酶活性,但随着生育期的不同其土壤速效养分含量及土壤酶活性也不同。

The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of planting drought-resistant transgenic cotton and conventional cotton during different growth stages on soil enzyme activities and available nutrient content.By applying the method of chemical analysis and solvent extraction method, the soil enzyme activities andavailable nutrient content of the two kinds of cotton were compared and analyzed. Results demonstrated that atseedling stage, soil available phosphorus content of drought-resistant transgenic cotton was significantly lowerthan that of conventional cotton, soil ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen content and urease activity ofdrought-resistant transgenic cotton were markedly higher as compared with that of conventional cotton, whileat other 4 growth stages, no evident difference was found in their contents and activities; soil alkaline phosphatase and catalase activities showed no obvious difference in 5 different growth stages. The correlation analysis of soil enzyme activities and available nutrient content revealed that soil ammonium nitrogen contentwas significantly and positively correlated with soil urease activity, while it was significantly and negativelycorrelated with soil alkaline phosphatase activity; soil available phosphorus and soil total nitrogen presented anextremely and significantly negative correlation; soil nitrate nitrogen content showed a significantly negativecorrelation with soil alkaline phosphatase activity while a significantly positive correlation with soil ammoniumnitrogen content. In conclusion, planting drought- resistant transgenic cotton did not affect the availablenutrient content and soil enzyme activity. However, the available nutrient content and soil enzyme activity were different in different growth stages of cotton.