深造自得与内圣境界:孙奇逢晚年思想之取向

Complete Study and Inner Saint: on His Shift of Thoughts in Sun Qifeng's Late Years

明亡清兴后,孙奇逢没有实现其外王的人生理想,而转向了对以人格完善为目标的内圣境界的追求。唯有追求内圣境界,强调深造自得的功夫,才可以完成内在的超越,达到人格的完善,实现与孔孟圣人的精神意蕴的相通。孙奇逢学术旨趣的转变,是对宋儒以来强调深造自得、回归孔孟的儒学范式的延续和发展,而学界对他这种体验式的思想旨趣的忽视,也正反映了中国学术从以道德修养论为核心向以知识论为重心的转变。

After the fall of Ming Dynasty and rise of Qing Dynasty ,Sun Qifeng ’ s dream of external king is dashed , which makes him pursue the goal of internal sage .The internal sage entails the self at ease so self can transcend the internal and achieve the perfection of character and reflect the spirits of Confucius and Mencius .The shift of his aca-demic favor makes the comeback of neo -Confucianism in Song Dynasty .The scholars ’ slightment of his thoughts marks the shift from moral to knowledge in Chinese academic .