口腔运动干预对早产儿经口喂养进程及行为状态的影响

Influence of oral motor intervention on oral feeding process and behavior state in premature infants

[目的]探讨口腔运动干预对早产儿经口喂养及行为状态的影响。[方法]将60例早产儿按随机数字表法随机分为干预组和对照组各30例,其中对照组常规护理,干预组在常规护理的基础上每天接受2次口腔运动干预,持续7 d,记录两组早产儿开始经口喂养及实现全口喂养的时间、计算过渡时间、留置胃管时间、住院时间等,记录两组早产儿体重增长情况,喂养不耐受情况及两组干预前5 min及干预后1 h行为状态。[结果]干预组从开始经口喂养到实现全口喂养的过渡时间、住院时间均短于对照组,经比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组喂养不耐受发生率相比,经比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组留置胃管时间、体重增长等均无明显区别,经比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组干预前5 min行为状态得分无明显区别,但干预后1 h干预组行为状态得分明显低于对照组,经比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。[结论]口腔运动干预可改善早产儿经口喂养进程,调节早产儿行为状态。

Objective： To probe into the influence of oral motor intervention on the oral feeding and behaviors of premature infants. Methods： A total of 60 cases of premature infants were randomly divided into intervention group and control group,30 cases in each. Patients in control group received the routine nursing care. Patients in intervention group received oral motor intervention on the basis of routine nursing,twice a day,lasting for 7 days,then to record the transitional time from the initiation of oral feeding and full oral feeding in the two groups,calculate the time of indwelling gastric tube,gastric tube indwelling time,the hospitalization time,weight growth,the incidence of feeding intolerance,the behavior state of the two groups at 5 minutes before the intervention and 5 minutes after the intervention. Results： The transitional time from the initiation of oral feeding to full oral feeding,the hospitalization time in intervention group were shorter than that in control group,and the difference was statistically significant（ P〈0. 05）,the incidence of feeding intolerance between both groups was significant different（ P〈0. 05）. The time of indwelling gastric tube and weight growth between the two groups had no significantly difference,and the difference was not statistically significant（ P〈0. 05）. The behavior state score at 5 minutes before the intervention in two groups had no significant difference（ P〈0. 05）,but the behavior state score at 1 hour after the intervention was significantly lower than that in control group,and the difference was statistically significant（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion： Oral motor intervention can improve the process of oral feeding for premature infants and regulate the behavior state of premature infants.