新疆十种野生药用植物核型分析

Karyotype Analysis of 10 Species Wild Medicinal Plants in Xinjiang

以新疆伊犁新源县的4科10种药用植物为试材,采用植物染色体标本制备的去壁低渗方法,研究了染色体数目并进行了核型分析。结果表明:大麻(Cannabis sativa L.)2n=20=12m+8sm、苦豆子(Sophora alopecuroides L.)2n=36=26m+8sm+2st、毛牛蒡(Arctium tomentosum Mill.)2n=36=6m+28sm+2st、牛蒡(Arctium lappaL.)2n=36=8m+26sm+2st、千叶蓍(Achillea millefolium L.)2n=36=26m+10sm、牛至(Origanum valgare)2n=30=12m+18sm、菊苣(Cichorium intybus L.)2n=18=12m+6sm、新疆鼠尾草(Salvia deserta Schang)2n=14=4m+10sm、草原糙苏(Phomis protensis Kar)2n=22=12m+6sm+4st、乌拉尔甘草(Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fish)2n=16=6m+10sm,其染色体数目与前人报道一致。千叶蓍(Achillea millefolium L.)、牛至(Origanum valgare)、新疆鼠尾草(Salvia deserta Schang)3种植物为首次报道。

Xinyuan County in Xinjiang Yili 4families and 10 species of medicinal plants as the experimental materials,plant chromosome to wall preparation of low permeability method was used,the chromosome number and karyotype analysis was performed.The results showed that Hemp（Cannabis sativa L.）2n=20=12m＋8sm,Bitter beans（Sophora alopecuroides L.）2n=36=26m＋8sm＋2st,Hair Burdock（Arctium tomentosum Mill.）2n=36=6m＋28sm＋2st,Burdock（Arctium lappaL.）2n=36=8m＋26sm＋2st,Chiba Achillea（Achillea millefolium L.）2n=36=26m＋10sm,Oregano（Origanum valgare）2n=30=12m＋18sm,Chicory（Cichorium intybus L.）2n=18=12m＋6sm,Xinjiang salvianin（Salvia deserta Schang）2n=14=4m＋10sm,Phlomis pratensis（Phomis protensis Kar）2n=22=12m＋6sm＋4st,Uraal licorice（Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fish）2n=16=6m＋10sm.Their chromosome numbers were consistent with previous reports.The chromomose number and karyotype of Chiba Achillea（Achillea millefolium L.）,Oregano（Origanum valgare）and Xinjiang salvianin（Salvia deserta Schang）were first time reported.